Russian literature and philosophy, developing for centuries in an inseparable unity, reflected the social and cultural processes taking place in society. And the question of the role and place of man in history determined the course of thought in the creation of philosophical concepts and the figurative system of works of classical literature. Outstanding writers and philosophers had a prophetic vision and their works and images largely anticipated the challenges and catastrophes of the twentieth century. The problem of interaction between freedom as a philosophical category and a human personality became the main theme for F.M. Dostoevsky's works, directly influencing the creation of artistic images of the novel The Brothers Karamazov, and philosophical systems of representatives of the religious renaissance of the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. The preservation of humanity in man, his ability to withstand the coming challenges directly linked spiritual thinkers of the past to the irrational nature of man, the religious ideal, God-like. The attempt to create a worldwide unity of people in a godless atheistic state was seen as untenable.
personality, freedom, Russian literature, F.M. Dostoevsky, Russian religious philosophy, dystopia, digitalization, global challenges.